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2017中考英語必會的60組重點單詞/短語/句型用法大總結(上)

同學們經常會遇到這樣的情況,明明記了很多單詞、短語和句型,分數卻遲遲提不上來。這是因為記住了不等於會用,只有會用的時候,才說明真正掌握了一個單詞或片語,才能在考試中遊刃有餘!

1. cost / take / spend / pay 花費

花費時間做某事 :

It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time (in)doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .

某人花錢買某物 :

sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money for sth.= sth cost sb . some money .

注意:

⑴ cost 和 pay 只指花費錢,take 只指花費時間,spend 可以指花費錢也可以指花費時間。

⑵ spend 和 pay 主語都是人, cost 主語是物,take 一般用於 It takes sb some time to do sth. 句型中。

2. thanks for 為…...而感謝

Thanks for inviting me to your birthday party .

謝謝你邀請我來你的生日聚會。

thanks to 多虧/由於

Thanks to your help. I got good grades .

幸虧你的幫助,我才取得好成績。

3. 多麼…...

what + 名詞;how + 形容詞/ 副詞

What bad weather !多麼糟糕的天氣啊!

How hard he works ! 他工作多麼努力啊!

What fresh vegetables ! 多麼新鮮的蔬菜啊!

How cute a monkey it is ! 它是一隻多麼可愛的猴子啊!

4 . 因為......;由於......

because(連詞)+從句

because of(介詞短語)+ 名詞(短語)

I didn』t go to school because I had a headache.

因為我頭疼,所以我沒去上學。

He was late for class because of the bad weather .

由於糟糕的天氣,他上課遲到了。

注意:because和 so不能同時連用 。

5 . 來自

be from = come from

Where are you from ? = Where do you come from?

你來自哪裡?

6 . How often 多久一次(對頻率提問)

How long 多久(對一段時間提問)

How soon多久以後 (對將來時間提問)

How far 多長(詢問多長距離)

— How long have you been collecting the kites ?

你收集風箏多長時間了?

—For ten years.

十年了。

— How often do you go shopping ?

你多久購物一次?

—Sometimes.

有時。

— How soon will your father come back ?

你爸爸多久以後回來?

—In two years.兩

年後。

— How far is it from your home to school ?

從你家到學校多遠?

—About ten miles.

大概十英里。

7 . 乘坐交通工具

take a / the +交通工具

by+交通工具=on a 交通工具

交通工具有:train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane...

He takes a bus to bank.= He goes to bank by bus.

他乘坐公共汽車去銀行。

注意:騎腳踏車、馬或驢用ride

ride one』s bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey

8 . 對不起

Excuse me (勞駕,客套話)

Sorry (表示道歉)

Excuse me. Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?

打擾一下,成都的天府廣場在哪裡?

—Don』t eat in class.

不要在課堂上吃東西。

—Sorry. Ms Clark .

對不起,Clark小姐。

9 . 聲音

sound (自然界的各種聲音)

noise(噪音)

voice(人的嗓音)

Lucy has a sweet voice.

露西有甜美的嗓音。

Don』t make noise.

不要製造噪音。

10. 像......

look like (外貌看起來像… )

be like (性格像… )

—Lily look like Lucy .

莉莉長得像露西。

—Oh , they are twins.

哦,她們是雙胞胎。

Tony is like a monkey because he is cute and playful .

托尼像只猴子,因為他可愛又愛玩耍。

11. 拿, 帶

take… to … 帶去

bring…to …帶來

fetch 取來 (強調一個來回)

Tony , fetch the ball here. Please.

托尼,請把那個球取來。

My father often takes me to concerts on Sundays.

周日,爸爸經常帶我去聽音樂會。

Bring your homework to school tomorrow.

明天,把你的作業帶到學校來。

12. 一些

some 用於肯定句

any 用於否定句和疑問句

I』d like some milk.

—Would you like some yogurt ?

你想要一些優格嗎?

—Thanks . I don』t want any.

謝謝,不用了。

注意:在一般疑問句中,認為對方的答案會是肯定的,或期望得到對方肯定回答時,也用some。

13. 多少

How many修飾可數名詞複數

How much 修飾不可數名詞

How much juice do you want ?

你想要多少果汁?

How many apples do you want ?

你想要多少蘋果?

注意:How much可對價錢提問:

How much are the potatoes ?

這些土豆多少錢?

14. 看

see 強調看的結果

look (at )不及物動詞,強調看的動作

watch 觀看(帶有觀賞性質)

read 讀,朗讀:看書、看報、看信、看雜誌

Don』t read in bed.

不要在床上看書。

We will watch a basketball game this evening.

今天晚上,我們將去看一場籃球比賽。

Please look at the blackboard. Everyone.

大家請看黑板。

I saw a bird in the tree yesterday.

昨天,我看到一隻鳥在樹上。

15. 停止做某事

stop doing sth 停止正在做的事

stop to do sth 停下來去做別的事

The girl soon stopped crying.

這個女孩不久就不哭了。

He was tired and stopped to have a rest.

他很累,停下來休息一下。

16. forget/remember

forget / remember to do sth:忘記/記得去做某事(未做)

forget/remember doing sth:忘記/記得做過某事(做過)

He forgot to turn off the light.

他忘記關燈了。(未關)

Remember to go to the post office after school.

記得放學後去郵局。(未去)

He forgot turning off the light.

他忘記關了燈。(已關)

Don』t you remember seeing the man before ?

難道你不記得之前見過這個人嗎?(見過)

17. 到達…...

reach + 地點

get to + 地點

arrive + in + 大地點

arrive + at + 小地點

He reached London yesterday.= He got to London yesterday.=He arrived in London yesterday.

他昨天到的倫敦。

She arrived at the bus station just now.

她剛才到達了公交站。

You should get home on time.

你應該按時到家。

注意:當get和arrive後接地點副詞時,都不加介詞。如:get home/there 等。

18. 擅長,在…...方面做得好

be good at = do well in

She is good at chemistry.=She does well in chemistry.

她擅長化學。

Niuniu is good at playing the violin.=Niuniu _does well in playing the violin.

妞妞擅長彈鋼琴。

Lucy and Lily are twin girls . Lucy is better at dancing than Lily , but Lily does better in singing than Lucy.

露西和莉莉是一對雙胞胎姐妹。露西比莉莉擅長跳舞,但是莉莉在唱歌方面做得比露西好。

19. 贏得,打敗

win (贏得)後接a game、war 、a match、a prize等。

beat(打敗、戰勝)後接運動員、球隊、對手等。

Which team won the football match ?

哪個隊贏了這場足球比賽?

Wang Hao beat Ma Lin and won the champion of the Men』s Singles.

王浩打敗了馬林,贏得了男子單打冠軍。

20. 借

borrow sth. from sb = borrow sb. sth 向某人借某物(借入)

lend sth. to sb = lend sb. sth把某物借給某人(借出)

keep延續性動詞,與一段時間連用。

Can you lend me your bike ?= Can you lend your bike to me ?

你能把腳踏車借給我嗎?

You can borrow some money from your brother.=You can borrow your brother some money.

你可以向你的兄弟借一些錢。

—How long can I keep the book ?

我可以借這本書多久?

—You can keep it for two weeks.

你可以借兩周。

21. 能,會:be able to, can

I can play the guitar.

我會彈吉他。

He is able to play chess.

他會下象棋。

注意:情態動詞後面都接動詞原形。

22. 太多......;太......

too many 太多, 修飾可數名詞複數

too much 太多,修飾不可數名詞

much too太, 後跟形容詞或副詞原級

There are too many students in the hallways. It』s dangerous.

走廊里有太多學生。很危險。

I had too much bread for breakfast.

我早飯吃了多麵包。

This coat is much too expensive.

這件大衣太貴了。

23. 去過/去了某地

have / has been to 去過某地

have / has gone to 去了某地

He has been to Beijing.

他去過北京。(現在已不在北京)

He has gone to Beijing.

他去了北京。(在去北京的途中或已到北京)

24. 關於use 的三個句型

used to do sth.過去常做某事

be(get)used to doing sth.習慣於做某事

be used to do sth = be used for doing sth. 被用於做某事

This river used to be very clean .

這條河過去非常乾淨。

I』m not used to getting up early.

我不習慣早起。

Pens are used for writing.

鋼筆被用來寫字。

25. 屬於......

belong to + 名詞/人稱代詞賓格(屬於)

be + 名詞所有格/ 名詞性物主代詞(是)

It must be Ning』s.= It must belong to Ning.

它一定是寧的。

The pencil must be mine.= The pencil must belong to me.

這支鉛筆一定是我的。

26. can』t 不可能: must(一定)反義詞

The CD must belong to Tony, because he likes listening to music.

這張CD一定是托尼的,因為他喜歡聽音樂。

The toy can't be my grandpa's . After all,he is an old man.

這個玩具不可能是我爺爺的。畢竟,他是一個老人。

27. 由…...製成

be made from:由…...製成(看不出原材料)

be made of:由…...製成(看得出原材料)

The table is made of wood.

這張桌子是用木材做的。

Paper is made from wood.

紙是用木材做的。

28. 更喜歡......

prefer to do/doing sth 更喜歡做某事

prefer sth to sth 比起......來,更喜歡......

prefer doing sth to doing sth 比起做......來,更喜歡做......

I prefer swiming to playing balls.

比起打球來,我更喜歡游泳。

He prefers fish to beef.

比起牛肉來,他更喜歡魚。

I prefer to walk to work.

我更喜歡走路去上班。

29. 一些表示人的情感或情緒的形容詞

—ed 修飾人

—ing 修飾物

interesting:有趣的; interested:感興趣的

tiring:累人的; tired;累的,疲倦的

boring:令人無聊的;bored:無聊的

exciting:令人興奮的;excited:激動的

surprising:令人驚訝的; surprised:驚訝的

relaxing:令人放鬆的; relaxed:放鬆的

embarrassing:令人尷尬的;令人為難的;embarrassed:尷尬的;為難的

She is interested in this interesting history story.

她對這個有趣的歷史故事很感興趣。

30. 關於 number 的兩個短語

the number of + 名詞複數:…...的數量(作主語時,謂語用單數)

a number of + 名詞複數:許多、一些= many (作主語時,謂語用複數)

The number of students in our class is 80.

我們班學生的數量是八十人。

A number of students are in Helin Middle School.

很多學生在鶴林中學。



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