新概念英語第二冊語法筆記大全：狀語從句

新概念英語第二冊語法筆記大全：狀語從句！新概念英語學習是國小升學考一大不可忽視的模塊，其中語法知識也是重中之重。下文上海愛智康小編搜集整理了新概念英語第二冊語法筆記大全：狀語從句，供學習參考。

狀語從句是副詞性從句，它在句子中擔任狀語，修飾主句的動詞、形容詞或副詞。根據修飾的方面，狀語從句可以分為以下九種：時間狀語從句、地點狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結果狀語從句、條件狀語從句、方式狀語從句、讓步狀語從句和比較狀語從句。

1.when指的是「某一具體的時間」。whenever指的是「在任何一個不具體的時間」。

When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.

當我進屋時，他正在寫信。

We shall go there whenever we are free.

我們什麼時間有空，我們就去那裡。

2.when意為「這時」或「在那個時候」，可以看作是並列句,這種用法的when分句一般位於句末。

I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.

我正在街上走著，這時忽然有人從後面拍我的肩膀。

3.while指「在某一段時間裡」，「在……期間」，while引導的動作必須是持續性的。

While it was raining, they went out.

天下雨的時候，他們出去了。

I stayed while he was away.

他不在的時候我在。

4.as引導持續性動作，強調主句和從句的動作同時發生。

He hurried home, looking behind as he went.

他趕快回家，不時地一邊走一邊向後看。

5.before譯為在……之前

Be a pupil before you become a teacher.

先做學生，再做先生。

6.after譯為在……之後

He arrived after the game started.

比賽開始后，他到了。

7.如主句動詞是持續性動作，常用肯定式，表示「直到……為止」。從屬連詞為till/until

We waited till (until) he came back .

我們一直等到他回來。

8.如主句動詞是瞬間動詞，常用否定式，表示「直……才」「在……以前不」，從句放在句首表示強調，一般用until

She didn』t stop working until eleven o』clock.

她到11點鐘才停止工作。

Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.

她站在那裡看著，直到看不見他的身影。

9.hardly…when和no sooner…than的意義相當於as soon as，但只表示過去發生的事情，主句為過去完成時，從句為過去時，如hardly或no sooner位於句首時語氣強，而且主句的謂語要用部分倒裝。

I had hardly got home when it began to rain.

我剛一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.

No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.

我們剛到車站，火車就走了。

Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.

我們剛開始就被叫停。

10.在時間狀語從句中，不能用將來時或過去將來時，而要用現在時或過去時代替將來時。

Every time I travelled by boat, I got seasick.

我每次乘船都暈船。

The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.

我一聽到這首歌，就感到很愉快。

Next time you come, you』ll see him.

下次你來的時候，就會見到他。

11.狀語從句在主句之前時一般用逗號與主句分開，從句在主句之後則不必用標點符號。

Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.

自從1978年以來發生了巨大的變化。

As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I』ll write to you.

我一到上海就給你寫信。

where與wherever意義基本相同，但後者語氣較強，多用於書面語。

Where there is a will, there is a way.

有志者，事竟成。

Where there is water there is life.

哪裡有水，哪裡就有生命。

You are free to go wherever you like.

你可以隨意到你喜歡的任何地方去。

Wherever you go, you must obey the law.

無論你去哪都要遵守法律。

1.because用來回答why 的問題，語氣最強一般放在主句之後

I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.

昨天我回來晚了，因為我值班。

2.since表示既然或全已知的理由，稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放句首

Since everyone is here, let』s begin our meeting.

既然大家都到了，我們開始開會。

3.as從句常放在句首，說明原因，主句說明結果，常用於口語中。

As he didn』t know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary.

由於他英語懂得不多，他在字典中查閱這個單詞。

4.seeing (that), now that 和since, as 意義相似，他們都有「鑒於某個事實」的意思，that可以省去。

Now (that) the weather has cleared up,we can start our journey.

鑒於天氣已經晴朗，我們可以啟程了。

Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.

鑒於他病情嚴重，我們派人去請醫生去了。

1.目的狀語從句中常用情態動詞may (might), can (could), should 等放在動詞之前，從句往往放在主句之後，主從句之間不用任何標點符號，從屬連詞一般為that, so that, in order that, lest = for fear that。

I shall write down your telephone number that I may not forget.

我要把你的電話號碼記下來，以免忘記。

We』ll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.

我把真實情況告訴你，使你能自己作出判斷。

They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time .

他們比往常更加努力工作，為了能提前完成工作。

Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.

多穿點衣服，以免患感冒。

1.so that前有逗號為結果狀語從句。so…that的so後面跟形容詞或副詞。

We turned up the radio, so that everyone heard the news.

我們把收音機的音量放大，大家都聽到了新聞。

He was so excited that he couldn』t say a word.

他十分激動，以致一句話都說不出來。

2.such…that的such後面跟名詞，如果名詞是單數就要用such a /an…that還可以轉換用so…that，語氣較強

He gave such important reasons that he was excused.他說出了這麼重要的理由，得到大家的諒解。

It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it.

It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.

這是一本十分有意思的書，大家都想看。

1.unless從句的謂語只能用肯定式。unless和if…not同義，unless是書面語，if…not是口語，通常二者可以換用。

條件狀語從句中的謂語動詞的時態一般要用現在時或過去時代替一般將來時或過去將來時。從屬連詞為if, unless, as/so long as, in case, so far as。

Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.

如果我們不怕困難，困難就算不了什麼了。

We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.

除非下雨，我們明天就去那裡。

We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn』t rain.

So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.

只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。

In case I forget, please remind me about it .

萬一我忘了，請提醒我一下。

So far as I know, the book will be published next month.

據我所知，那本書下月出版。

1.此處as譯為，按照或正如

as if或as though的意義和用法基本一樣。從句中可以用現在時表示可能符合事實，也可以用虛擬語氣。

Draw a cat as I taught you .

按照我教你的畫一隻貓。

Do as you are told.

按照人家告訴你做的去做。

She looks as if she is ill.

看上去她好象是生病了。

He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.

他的行動就好象什麼也沒有發生。

They treat the black boy as if (though) he were an animal.

他們對待這黑孩子彷彿他是一頭牲口。

1.在句子中一般用了「雖然」就不能再用「但是」(but)但可以與yet或still連用。though / although意義相同，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語化，後者正式多放主句的前面。

Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.

雖然他六十多歲了，但仍開始學習法語 .

We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.

雖然我們幹了一天活，但並不累。

2.even if 和even though的意思為「即使」「縱使」有退一步設想的意味，多用於書面語中。

I』ll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.

即使明天下雨，我也要去。

3.as引出的狀語從句多用於書面語，它比用though或although引導的從句，語氣強，更有表現力，從句常放在句首，語序部分倒裝。

Child as he is , he knows a lot.

雖然他是一個孩子，但他懂得很多。

Cold as it is, (=Though it is cold,) the children play outdoors.

雖然天氣冷，但孩子們仍在戶外玩。

4.no matter...與 who-ever引導的讓步狀語從句意義基本一 樣，no matter...引導的從句可是以位於主句前或主句后。

Do it no matter what others say.

不管別人怎麼說，儘管干。

No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.

不管他多忙，他都每天堅持學習英語。

No matter who takes up the matter for me, I shall be very grateful.

不管誰為我處理這件事，我都將非常感激。

5.wh-ever(whatever whoever whenever whichever however)從句中的動詞有時可以和may連用。判斷wh-ever引導的是狀語從句還是名詞性從句的一點是，名詞性從句，主句中一定有一個成分要在從句擔任，一般從句與主句之間沒有逗號。不可將no matter與wh-ever連用。

I'll try to give whatever you want.（名詞性從句）

我會盡量滿足你的所需。

Whatever happens / may happen, we shall not lose heart.（狀語從句）

無論發生什麼，我們都不要失去信心。

Whoever comes, he will be welcome.（狀語從句）

無論誰來，都會受到歡迎。

1.連詞表示同程度級的比較，肯定句用as…as否定句可用not as…as 或not so…as，從屬連詞有as…as, not so/as…as, the same…as, such…as。

Mary is as old as my sister.

瑪利和我姐姐一樣大。

He doesn』t run so (as) fast as Jack (does).

他不如傑克跑得那樣快。

His book is the same as mine.

他的書和我的一樣。

Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .

享利這個工人不如彼得那樣好。

2.表示不同程度之比較，主句中用比較級的形容詞或副詞。從屬連詞為than。

She has made greater progress this year than she did last year.

她今年比去年進步更大。

He bought fewer books than I (did).

他買的書比我買的少。

3.the more…the more 意思為越……越……，通常的語序為從句在前主句在後，這兩個the都是表示程度的副詞，用在比較級的形容詞或副詞前面。

句子意思明顯，句子的主語和動詞都可省略。

The more you read, the better you understand.

你看的書越多，你懂得的就越多。

The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.

你賣的票越多，你的收入也越多。

The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.

你工作越努力，你取得的進步就越大。

The sooner, the better.

越快越好。

The warmer, the better.

越暖和越好。

1、You like sports ______ I』d like to read.

A．when B．while C．but D．yet

2、______ we were singing, the teacher came in.

A．Before B．after C．As D．Until

3、I was about to leave my house ______ the phone rang.

A．while B． when C．as D．after

4、They did not stop fighting ______ there was no enemy left.

A．until B．after C．when D．since

5、I have not seen him ______ he went to college.

A．when B．before C．as D．since

6、It is five days ______ we came here.

7、It was not long ______ he got to know it.

A．when B．before C．after D．until

8、We shall go ______ we are free.

A．whenever B．whatever C．wherever D．however

9、______ I live I must serve the people heart and soul.

A．When B．So long as C．As soon as D．On condition

10、I was reading a novel ______ he was watchingTV.

A．when B．while C．before D．as

1、B 2、C 3、B 4、A 5、D 6、D 7、B 8、A 9、B 10、B