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安裝 MariaDB 時，官方貼心的提供了一個 Repository Configuration Tool，可以選好自己的作業系統與想要安裝的發行版後產生相對應的指令碼，直接複製貼上就可以透過套件管理員進行安裝。 這兩天在摸索 WSL (Windows Subsystem Linux)，使用的發行版是 Ubuntu，而今天在 WLS 內安裝 MariaDB 10.4 時卻出現一些錯誤： sudo apt-get install software-properties-common Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.96.24.32.9). The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: gyp javascript-common libhttp-parser2.7.1 libjs-async libjs-inherits libjs-jquery libjs-node-uuid libjs-underscore libuv1-dev nodejs-doc Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 21 not upgraded. sudo apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 0xF1656F24C74CD1D8 Executing: /tmp/apt-key-gpghome.jVRLtzEDLC/gpg.1.sh --recv-keys --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 0xF1656F24C74CD1D8 gpg: connecting dirmngr at '/tmp/apt-key-gpghome.jVRLtzEDLC/S.dirmngr' failed: IPC connect call failed gpg: keyserver receive failed: No dirmngr sudo add-apt-repository 'deb [arch=amd64,arm64,ppc64el] http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic main' Hit:1 http://free.nchc.org.tw/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit:2 http://free.nchc.org.tw/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease Get:3 http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic InRelease [3901 B] Hit:4 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_10.x bionic InRelease Hit:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease Err:3 http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic InRelease The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F1656F24C74CD1D8 Reading package lists... Done W: GPG error: http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F1656F24C74CD1D8 E: The repository 'http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic InRelease' is not signed. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. 有兩個關鍵字： IPC connect call failed (Line 12) NO_PUBKEY (Line 25) 找了一下，發現是 WSL 自己的問題，跟 Ubuntu 沒有太大的關係；開發者 Ghost 表示是 WSL 下的 Ubuntu Bionic 第一版的問題，改用 curl 去把 key 抓下來後透過 sudo apt-key add 就可以解決： It’s Bugging Since The First Bionics in wsl. But the temporary to pass this problems is using apt-key add instead adv options through wget or curl : curl -sL “http://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0xA6A19B38D3D831EF” | sudo apt-key add 但是在 issue closed 後隔沒幾天有其他人表示說問題依然存在，並沒有被解決，最後發現只是各個軟體的 key 不一樣而已，開發者 foxliu 提醒依照安裝軟體的不同，要自己更換 key，以 MariaDB 來說，官方提供的 key 為 0xF1656F24C74CD1D8, 所以把指令改成這樣就好： curl -sL "http://keyserver.ubuntu.com/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0xF1656F24C74CD1D8" | sudo apt-key add OK 最後重新執行一次 sudo apt update，就可以把套件資訊抓回來了。 sudo apt update Hit:1 http://free.nchc.org.tw/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit:2 http://free.nchc.org.tw/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease Hit:3 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_10.x bionic InRelease Get:4 http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic InRelease [3901 B] Hit:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease Get:6 http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic/main arm64 Packages [7787 B] Get:7 http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages [8008 B] Get:8 http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic/main ppc64el Packages [7793 B] Fetched 27.5 kB in 4s (6549 B/s) Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done 24 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them. 檢查一下套件資訊： apt show mariadb-server Package: mariadb-server Version: 1:10.4.6+maria~bionic Priority: optional Section: database Source: mariadb-10.4 Maintainer: MariaDB Developers Installed-Size: 10.2 kB Depends: mariadb-server-10.4 (>= 1:10.4.6+maria~bionic) Homepage: http://mariadb.org/ Download-Size: 3180 B APT-Sources: http://ftp.ubuntu-tw.org/mirror/mariadb/repo/10.4/ubuntu bionic/main amd64 Packages Description: MariaDB database server (metapackage depending on the latest version) This is an empty package that depends on the current "best" version of mariadb-server (currently mariadb-server-10.4), as determined by the MariaDB maintainers. Install this package if in doubt about which MariaDB version you need. That will install the version recommended by the package maintainers. . MariaDB is a fast, stable and true multi-user, multi-threaded SQL database server. SQL (Structured Query Language) is the most popular database query language in the world. The main goals of MariaDB are speed, robustness and ease of use. N: There are 2 additional records. Please use the '-a' switch to see them. 如果安裝其他套件時出現類似的錯誤，把 key 替換應該都能解決。 Reference: Ubuntu 18.04 gpg dirmngr IPC connect call failed #3286