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2017-07-25T20:27:27+00:00
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在《新概念英語》課文的難點部分,有這麼幾組詞是比較容易混淆的,今天我們就一起來梳理梳理。一、raise和rise這兩個詞因為都有「上升」的意思,所以比較容易混淆。其區別主要是:(一)作為動詞raise是及物動詞,所以後面一定要接賓語。其主要含義有「升起;舉起;飼養;提出;籌集」。如:The first thing that we did when we conquered the town was to haul down the enemy's flag and raise our own. (我們佔領這座城市以後以後所做的第一件事就是降下城裡敵人的旗幟,升起我們自己的旗幟。)The guesture might come from Rome, when people raise the right hand to show their extolling and respect for the empire. (這一手勢有可能來自羅馬,那時人們將右臂舉起以表示對帝王的稱頌或敬意。)Many western countries raise and butcher a large number of beef cattle. (許多西方國家飼養並屠宰大量的肉牛。)I had asked everyone to raise questions in advance of the meeting. (我要求大家在會議前提出問題。)Our campaign's main purpose is to raise money. (我們這次活動的主要目的就是募款。)rise是不及物動詞,所以後面不接賓語。其常見含義有「上升;增加;起床;反抗;復活」。如:The sun heats the earth, causing the air to rise and the winds to blow. (太陽給地球熱量,引起空氣上升,颳起風來。)In proportion as the sales increase the profit will rise. (隨著銷售量增長,利潤也成比例地增加。)The next morning I was the first to rise. (第二天早上,我是第一個起床的。)The king's cruelty excited the people to rise against him. (那個國王的殘酷激起了人民起來反對他。)Christians believe that Jesus rose from the dead on Easter Sunday. (基督徒相信耶穌在那個星期日——后定為復活節——里復活了。)(二)作為名詞作為名詞,raise常見的含義有「上升;增高」。如:The percentage of the pay raise equals the increase in prices. (薪水的提高比率和物價的上升一致。)He got a raise in monthly wages. (他的月薪增加了。)作為名詞,rise常見的含義有「上升;增加」。如:I am reading a book about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire. (我正在看一本關於羅馬帝國興衰的書。)Experts say the figures for divorce are on the rise. (專家稱,離婚數量在增加。)二、ask和ask forask作為及物動詞,主要含義是「詢問;請求」。但是,其主要用法有ask sb.和ask sb. for sth.。(一)ask如果ask後面直接跟賓語,一般都表示「詢問」。其常見的用法是ask a quesiton或ask sb.。如:I'd like to ask a question if I may. (如果可以的話,我想提一個問題。)Ask him whether he can come or not. (問問他是否能來。)除此之外,ask也可以直接後接about,表示「詢問」。如:He went to the station to ask about the trains. (他到火車站卻了解火車情況。)(二)ask forask for的常見用法為ask sb. for sth.,有時也會省略sb.,表示「請求;要求」。如:A tramp came to the door and asked for food. (一個流浪漢來到門前討飯吃。)He went up to her to ask her for a dance. (他走到她跟前,請她跳個舞。)【注意】ask還有一個很常見的用法是ask sb. to do sth.,表示「要求某人做某事」。如:We must ask you to amplify your statement. (我們得請你對你的說法作進一步的說明。)三、work和job作為名詞,兩者都可以表示「工作」,不同的是:work是不可數名詞,而job是可數名詞。如:(一)workHe did the work so badly that I had to do it all over again myself. (他乾的太差勁了,我只好親自重做。)Routine office work is my bread and butter. (日常的辦公室工作是我的謀生之道。)【注意】work如果表示「作品」,則是可數名詞。如:As a work of art it is very poor. (作為藝術品這是十分拙劣的。)(二)jobI am well aware that this is a tough job. (我深知這是一件棘手的工作。)She's been piling up money ever since she got the job. (自從得了那份工作以來,她一直在攢錢。)【注意】job有一個常見的短語用法:do a good job。如:There is no doubt that he can do a good job of it. (毫無疑問,這件工作他會幹得很出色。)如果覺得好,歡迎繼續關注廖懷寶的原創「新概念英語的教學」!

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