2017年6月英語四級翻譯真題&答案&解析（滬江網校版）

卷一：珠江

珠江是華南一大河系，流經廣州市，是第三長的河流，僅次於長江和黃河。珠江三角洲是最發達的地區之一，面積約11，000平方公里。它在面積和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集區。珠江三角洲九個最大城市共有5,700多萬人口。上世紀70年代末改革開放以來，珠江三角洲已成為和世界主要經濟區域和製造中心之一。

這段文字由五個句子組成，我們一個一個來看。

【第一句】珠江是華南一大河系，流經廣州市，是第三長的河流，僅次於長江和黃河。

在這個句子里比較難的單詞是華南southern China、流經flow through、僅次於only shorter than，另外「一大」的翻譯也會有點難，應該翻譯成a major。

這句中文比較長，我們可以把它在翻譯的時候變成英文的複合句來處理：

The Pearl River, China』s third longest river after the Yangtze River and Yellow River, is a major river system in Southern China and flows through the city of Guangzhou.

當然，如果對複合句語法的正確性不能確定，也可以把這個句子拆分成幾個簡單句：

The Pearl River is a major river system in south China. It flows through Guangzhou. It is the third longest river in China, only shorter than the Yangtze River and the Yellow River.

【第二句】珠江三角洲是最發達的地區之一，面積約11，000平方公里。

這個句子里的單詞都還比較簡單，「平方公里」的表述是square meters。

多達，是as…as…這個片語。還有要注意，英文里形容人口多不是用many，而是用big。

我們可以直接把這句話翻譯成：

The Pearl River delta is one of the most developed areas in China. It is as big as 11,000 square kilometers.

【第三句】它在面積和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集區。

「城市聚集區」難倒了很多同學，它的英文翻譯是gathering of cities。

另外「在……方面」用in就可以了。

所以這句話就翻譯成：

It is the largest gathering of cities in size and population.

【第四句】珠江三角洲九個最大城市共有5,700多萬人口。

這句話很簡單，用上there be句型就行。九個最大城市nine major cities，我們還是用major這個詞。

There are 57 million people in nine major cities on the Pearl River delta.

【第五句】上世紀70年代末改革開放以來，珠江三角洲已成為和世界主要經濟區域和製造中心之一。

改革開放已經是一個老生常談的片語了，reform and opening。其他幾個有難度的單詞是主要經濟區域和製造中心economic districts and manufacturing centers。

最後，「自……以來」，我們在翻譯這樣的句子的時候要用現在完成時，那麼這個句子的翻譯就是：Since China』s reform and opening in the 1970s, the Pearl River delta has become one of China』s and world』s major economic districts and manufacturing centers.

全文翻譯：

基礎版：

The Pearl River is a major river system in south China. It flows through Guangzhou. It is the third longest river in China, only shorter than the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. The Pearl River delta is one of the most developed areas in China. It is as big as 11,000 square kilometers. It is the largest gathering of cities in size and population. There are 57 million people in nine major cities on the Pearl River delta. Since China』s reform and opening in the late 1970s, the Pearl River delta has become one of China』s and world』s major economic districts and manufacturing centers.

進階版：

The Pearl River, China』s third longest river is a major river system in Southern China and flows through the city of Guangzhou second only to the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. As the densest region of cities and population in world and one of China』s most developed areas, the Pearl River delta covers an extent of about 11,000 square kilometers and resides more than 57 million people in top 9 largest cities in this area. Since China』s reform and opening in the late 1970s, Pearl River delta has become one of the major economic areas and manufacturing centers of China and the world.

卷二：長江

長江是亞洲最長、世界上第三長的河流。長江流經多種不同的生態系統，是諸多瀕危物種的棲息地，灌溉了五分之一的土地。長江流域（river basin）居住著三分之一的人口。長江在歷史、文化和經濟上起著很大的作用。長江三角洲（delta）產出多達20%的國民生產總值。幾千年來，長江一直被用於供水、運輸和工業生產。長江上還坐落著世界最大的水電站。

這段文字有七個比較簡短的句子

【第一句】長江是亞洲最長、世界上第三長的河流。

單詞都不難，重點是最高級的應用。

最長，longest，第三長是the third lonest

這句話就可以翻譯成The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia. It is also the third longest river in the world.

當然這句話也可以翻譯成一個稍微複雜一點的形式：

The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia, and ranks third in the world.

【第二句】長江流經多種不同的生態系統，是諸多瀕危物種的棲息地，灌溉了五分之一的土地。

難的單詞有：流經flow through，不同的different kinds of，生態系統ecosystems，諸多many，瀕危物種endangered species，棲息地habitat，土地farmland。另外最難的就是「灌溉」這個詞了，irrigate，如果不會寫的話直接寫water也可以

這句話是原文中最長的一句，我們可以把它轉化成幾個簡單句：

It flows through many different kinds of ecosystems. Many endangered species live there. It also waters one fifth of China』s land. One third of China』s population live in the Yangtze River basin.

那麼更高級一點的寫法呢，就是：

It flows through a variety of eco-systems and becomes a habitat for many endangered species. Moreover, Yangtze River also irrigates one fifth of China』s farmland.

【第三句】長江流域（river basin）居住著三分之一的人口。

這個句型不難，但是「居住著」是這個句子里的難點單詞。這裡的居住著的意思實際上就是這片土地hold住了多少人的意思，英文的單詞是reside。如果reside不會寫怎麼辦，那你可以把人作為主語，用live就好了

那麼這個句子簡單一點就是One third of China』s population live in the Yangtze River basin.

如果要用剛才說的高級一點的reside，可以寫成the Yangtze River basin resides one third of China』s population

【第四句】長江在歷史、文化和經濟上起著很大的作用。

「起很大的作用」，這個片語非常重要，play an important role

這句話就翻譯成It plays an important role in China』s history, culture and economy.

【第五句】長江三角洲（delta）產出多達20%的國民生產總值。

難點在於產出，不能說是produce，那個是生產某個產品。那麼這個句子應該怎麼處理才能保證用詞的準確性呢？可以把主語換成「國民生產總值」，再用come from就行了。當然，如果不想改變主語，也可以用一個高級的片語account for。多達的翻譯是as much as，另外國民生產總值是GNP，不是GDP

簡單版本的翻譯可以是：

About 20% of China』s GNP comes from the Yangtze River delta.

高級一點的話，可以翻譯成：

The Yangtze River delta accounts for as much as 20% of China』s GNP.

【第六句】幾千年來，長江一直被用於供水、運輸和工業生產。

這裡的幾千年來，我們看到「……以來」這樣的話，就要在翻譯中用完成時。

另外供水、運輸、生產三個難點單詞的翻譯分別是water supply, transportation, industrial production。

For thousands of years, the Yangtze River has always been used for water supply, transportation and industrial production.

【第七句】長江上還坐落著世界最大的水電站。

這裡的「坐落」是settle。

另外「水電站」這個單詞很難，是hydro-power station。

最後這個句子就可以翻譯成The largest hydropower station is also on the Yangtze River.

全文翻譯：

【基礎版】

The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia. It is also the third longest river in the world. It flows through many different kinds of eco-systems. Many endangered species live there. It also waters one fifth of China』s land. One third of China』s population live in the Yangtze River basin. It plays an important role in China』s history, culture and economy. About 20% of China』s GNP comes from the Yangtze River delta. Over thousands of years, the Yangtze River has been used for water supply, transportation and industrial production. The largest hydro-power station is also on the Yangtze River.

【進階版】

The Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia, and ranks third in the world. It flows through a variety of eco-systems and becomes a habit for many endangered species. Moreover, Yangtze River also irrigates one fifth of China』s farmland, and the Yangtze River basin resides one third of China』s population and plays an essential role in China』s history, culture and economy. The Yangtze River delta accounts for as much as 20% of China』s GNP. For thousands of years, the Yangtze River has always been used for water supply, transportation and industrial production. It also settles the world』s largest hydro-power station.

卷三：黃河

黃河是亞洲第三、世界第六長的河流。「黃」這個字描述的是其河水渾濁的顏色。黃河發源於青海，流經九個省份，最後注入渤海。黃河是賴以生存的幾條河流之一。黃河流域（river basin）是古代文明的誕生地，也是早期歷史上最繁榮的地區。然而，由於極具破壞力的洪水頻發，黃河曾造成多次災害。在過去幾十年裡，政府採取了各種措施防止災害發生。

這段話由七個句子構成，都是簡單句。

【第一句】黃河是亞洲第三、世界第六長的河流。

單詞都不難，關鍵是要把最高級用對。

亞洲第三長Asia』s third longest，世界第六長world』s sixth longest。

這句話很好翻：

The Yellow River is Asia』s third longest and world』s sixth longest river.

【第二句】黃」這個字描述的是其河水渾濁的顏色。

這句話句型很簡單，難度都在單詞上。

描述describe，也可以是refers to，當然我們也可以說「be derived from」，「由……派生而來」。「渾濁」也就是不清澈的，可以直接用unclear，高級一點的詞是muddy。

用簡單的詞翻這句話就是：

The word 「yellow」 describes the color of its unclear water.

高級一點的翻譯是：

The word 「Yellow」 in its name was derived from the color of the muddy water.

【第三句】黃河發源於青海，流經九個省份，最後注入渤海。

難的單詞有：發源於originate，流經flow through，注入flow into或者empty into

這個句子由三個簡單句構成，我們在翻譯的時候可以處理成一個複合句長句

Originating in Qinghai province, the Yellow River flows through nine provinces, and it empties into the Bohai Sea.

當然，我們也能把這句中文拆分成三個英文的簡單句

The Yellow River originates from Qinghai. It flows through nine provinces. It finally flows into Bohai Sea.

【第四句】黃河是賴以生存的幾條河流之一。

賴以生存這個片語是live on，之一是one of，後面要跟複數的名詞。

The Yellow River is one of the rivers that China lives on.

【第五句】黃河流域（river basin）是古代文明的誕生地，也是早期歷史上最繁榮的地區。

這句話里要注意用詞的準確性，古代應該是ancient，而不是old，文明是civilization而不是culture。另外繁榮是prosperous。

這句話翻譯成：

The Yellow River basin is the birthplace of Chinese ancient civilization, and was the most prosperous area in early Chinese history.

【第六句】然而，由於極具破壞力的洪水頻發，黃河曾造成多次災害。

「然而」這個表示轉折的詞有很多種翻譯方法，放在句首，我們這裡用however。

極具破壞力的：extremely destructive。

這句話能翻譯成一個含有因果關係的複合句：

However, the Yellow River had caused a number of disasters because of the extremely destructive floods that happened frequently.

【第七句】在過去幾十年裡，政府採取了各種措施防止災害發生。

首先我們看到「在過去幾十年裡」，這種表示過去的一個時間跨度，是一個完成時的標誌，它的翻譯是over the past decades，其中decade是「十年」的意思。

採取措施take measures

防止災害發生prevent

那麼這句話最終的翻譯就是：

Over the past decades, the government has taken all kinds of measures to prevent disasters from happening.

全文翻譯：

【基礎版】

The Yellow River is Asia』s third longest and world』s sixth longest river. The word 「yellow」 describes the color of its unclear water. The Yellow River originates from Qinghai, flowing through nine provinces, and flows into Bohai Sea. The Yellow River is one of the rivers that China lives on. The Yellow River basin was the birthplace of Chinese ancient civilization, and was the most prosperous area in early Chinese history. However, the Yellow River had caused a number of disasters because of the extremely destructive floods that happened frequently. Over the past decades, the government has taken all kinds of measures to prevent disasters from happening.

【進階版】

The Yellow River is the third longest river in Asia and sixth-longest river in the world, the word 「Yellow」 in its name was derived from the color of the muddy water. Originating in Qinghai province, the Yellow River flows through nine provinces, and it empties into the Bohai Sea. The Yellow River basin was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization and it was the most prosperous region in early Chinese history. However, the Yellow River also caused several sever damages because of frequent devastating floods. During the past decades, the government has taken a variety of measures to prevent it.