蘋果CEO庫克麻省理工MIT畢業典禮演講：我不擔心AI能思考 擔心人沒價值觀

DoNews6月10日消息 （記者 費倩文）蘋果公司首席執行官蒂姆-庫克（Tim Cook）周五在麻省理工學院（MIT）畢業典禮上發表了演講，鼓勵年輕學子利用科技力量造福人類。庫克在演講中提及人工智慧，他表示：我不擔心電腦像人一樣思考。我更擔憂人們像電腦一樣思考，缺少激情和價值判斷的能力。

在麻省理工位於馬薩諸塞州劍橋市的校園，面對著數千名學生及其家屬，庫克讚揚了新設備和社交媒體帶來的好處。但庫克還稱，「科技並不總是最好的解決方案，有時候也會帶來問題。在多數時候，科技是一種利好的力量，但是，其潛在的破壞力也在更加快速地傳播，而且給人類造成了更大的不利影響。科技給人類的安全帶來威脅，也威脅到人們的隱私。另外，虛假消息、社交媒體有時候也呈現出反社會性。」

庫克還鼓勵畢業生們堅持保持嫉惡如仇的品性。庫克表示，「互聯網能夠賦予我們強大的能力，但也讓基本的禮儀規則遭到了破壞，而且也成為卑鄙和負麵價值傳播的場所。當然不要讓這些雜音損害了你們。不要沉溺於生活中的那些微不足道的瑣碎之事。不要聽取閑言蜚語。要多衡量人性的影響力，不要隨意行事，而是要根據你接觸的生活以及你服務的人群來做事。」

在這次畢業典禮上，庫克表示，蘋果公司一直在尋找辦法，以便將科技與人性和憐憫結合起來，從而造福人類。庫克對麻省理工學院的畢業生表示，「不管你們一生中做了什麼，也不管我們在蘋果做了什麼，我們都必須將科技與我們與生俱來的人性融合在一起。這種責任是巨大的，但同樣也給我們帶來了機會。」

庫克還表示，「如果你能夠讓人們成為你們一切行動所關注的重點，那麼，這樣的科技才會產生影響力。」

庫克稱，他並不擔心人工智慧會讓電腦擁有像人類那樣的思維能力。相反，他卻表示，「我更加擔心的是，人們會像電腦那樣思考，沒有價值、沒有憐憫之心，也不關注後果。這正是我要你們來幫助捍衛的事情。因為，如果科技就像是在黑暗中摸索，那麼人性就是一絲亮光，指明我們的前進方向以及我們周身的險境。」

庫克的演講只花費了15分鐘，與他的前任、蘋果聯合創始人史蒂夫·喬布斯（Steve Jobs？）2005年在斯坦福大學所做長篇的畢業演講形成鮮明對比。在那次演講中，喬布斯概述了他自由思考的背景，並告訴畢業生們去尋找自己喜歡的工作。

庫克通過一個更加傳統的職業路徑遷升至蘋果高層。他於2011年成為蘋果CEO，此前曾在IBM和康柏公司任職。

庫克是公開的同性戀者，但一向以謹言慎語而知名。在周五的演進中，他很少透露自己的生活細節，除了講述他經歷了一個令人沮喪的尋找生活意義的過程，直到加入蘋果。（完）

全文如下：

Hello, MIT!

Thank you. Congratulations class of 』17. I especially want to thank Chairman Millard, President Reif, distinguished faculty, trustees, and the members of the class of 1967. It is a privilege to be here today with your families and your friends on such on amazing and important day.

MIT and Apple share so much. We both love hard problems. We love the search for new ideas, and we especially love finding those ideas, the really big ones, the ones that can change the world. I know MIT has a proud tradition of pranks or as you would call them, hacks. And you have have pulled off some pretty great ones over the years. I』ll never figure out how MIT students sent that Mars rover to the Kresge Oval, or put a propeller beanie on the great dome, or how you』ve obviously taken over the president』s Twitter account. I can tell college students are behind because most of the Tweets happen at 3:00 a.m.

I』m really happy to be here. Today is about celebration. And you have so much to be proud of. As you leave here to start the next leg of your journey in life, there will be days where you ask yourself, 『Where is this all going?』 『What is the purpose?』 『What is my purpose?』 I will be honest, I asked myself that same question and it took nearly 15 years to answer it. Maybe by talking about my journey today, I can save you some time.

The struggle for me started early on. In high school, I thought I discovered my life』s purpose when I could answer that age-old question, 『What do you want to be when you grow up?』 Nope. In college I thought I』d discover it when I could answer, 『What』s your major?』 Not quite. I thought that maybe I』d discovered it when I found a good job. Then I thought I just needed to get a few promotions. That didn』t work either.

I kept convincing myself that it was just over the horizon, around the next corner. Nothing worked. And it was really tearing me apart. Part of me kept pushing ahead to the next achievement. And the other part kept asking, 『Is this all there is?』 I went to grad school at Duke looking for the answer. I tried meditation. I sought guidance in religion. I read great philosophers and authors. And in a moment of youthful indiscretion, I might even have experimented with a Windows PC, and obviously that didn』t work.

After countless twists and turns, at last, 20 years ago, my search brought me to Apple. At the time, the company was struggling to survive. Steve Jobs had just returned to Apple, and had launched the 『Think Different』 campaign. He wanted to empower the crazy ones—the misfits, the rebels and the troublemakers, the round pegs, and the square holes—to do the best work. If we could just do that, Steve knew we could really change the world.

Before that moment, I had never met a leader with such passion or encountered a company with such a clear and compelling purpose: to serve humanity. It was just that simple. Serve humanity. And it was in that moment, after 15 years of searching, something clicked. I finally felt aligned. Aligned with a company that brought together challenging, cutting edge work with a higher purpose. Aligned with a leader who believed that technology which didn』t exist yet could reinvent tomorrow』s world. Aligned with myself and my own deep need to serve something greater.

Of course, at that moment I don』t know all of that. I was just grateful to have psychological burden lifted. But with the help of hindsight, my breakthrough makes a lot more sense. I was never going to find my purpose working some place without a clear sense of purpose of its own. Steve and Apple freed me to throw my whole self into my work, to embrace their mission and make it my own. How can I serve humanity? This is life』s biggest and most important question. When you work towards something greater than yourself, you find meaning, you find purpose. So the question I hope you will carry forward from here is how will you serve humanity?

The good news is since you are here today you are on a great track. At MIT you have learned how much power that science and technology have to change the world for the better. Thanks to discoveries made right here, billions of people are leading healthier, more productive and more fulfilling lives. And if we』re ever going to solve some of the hardest problems facing the world today, everything from cancer to climate change to educational inequality, then technology will help us to do it. But technology alone isn』t the solution. And sometimes it』s even part of the problem.

Last year I had the chance to meet with Pope Francis. It was the most incredible meeting of my life. This is a man who has spent more time comforting the inflicted in slums than with heads of state. This may surprise you, but he knew an unbelievable amount about technology. It was obvious to me that he had thought deeply about it. Its opportunity. Its risks. Its morality. What he said to me at that meeting, what he preached, really, was on a topic that we care a lot about at Apple. But he expressed a shared concern in a powerful new way: Never has humanity had such power over itself, yet nothing ensures it will be used wisely, he has said.

Technology today is integral to almost all aspects of our lives and most of the time it』s a force for good. And yet the potential adverse consequences are spreading faster and cutting deeper. The threats to security, threats to privacy, fake news, and social media that becomes antisocial. Sometimes the very technology that is meant to connect us divides us. Technology is capable of doing great things. But it doesn』t want to do great things. It doesn』t want anything. That part takes all of us. It takes our values and our commitment to our families and our neighbors and our communities, our love of beauty and belief that all of our faiths are interconnected, our decency, our kindness.

I』m not worried about artificial intelligence giving computers the ability to think like humans. I』m more concerned about people thinking like computers without values or compassion, without concern for consequences. That is what we need you to help us guard against. Because if science is a search in the darkness, then the humanities are a candle that shows us where we』ve been and the danger that lies ahead.

As Steve once said, technology alone is not enough. It is technology married with the liberal arts married with the humanities that make our hearts sing. When you keep people at the center of what you do, it can have an enormous impact. It means an iPhone that allows the blind person to run a marathon. It means an Apple Watch that catches a heart condition before it becomes a heart attack. It means an iPad that helps a child with autism connect with his or her world. In short, it means technology infused with your values, making progress possible for everyone.

Whatever you do in your life, and whatever we do at Apple, we must infuse it with the humanity that each of us is born with. That responsibility is immense, but so is the opportunity. I』m optimistic because I believe in your generation, your passion, your journey to serve humanity. We are all counting on you. There is so much out there conspiring to make you cynical. The internet has enabled so much and empowered so many, but it can also be a place where basic rules of decency are suspended and pettiness and negativity thrive.

Don』t let that noise knock you off course. Don』t get caught up in the trivial aspects of life. Don』t listen to trolls and for God』s sake don』t become one. Measure your impact in humanity not in the likes, but the lives you touch; not in popularity, but in the people you serve. I found that my life got bigger when I stopped carrying about what other people thought about me. You will find yours will too. Stay focused on what really matters. There will be times when your resolve to serve humanity will be tested. Be prepared. People will try to convince you that you should keep your empathy out of your career. Don』t accept this false premise.

At a shareholders meeting a few years back, someone questioned Apple』s investment and focus on the environment. He asked me to pledge that Apple would only invest in green initiatives that could be justified with a return on investment. I tried to be diplomatic. I pointed out that Apple does many things, like accessibility features for those with disabilities that don』t rely on an ROI. We do the things because they are the right thing to d, and protecting the environment is a critical example. He wouldn』t let it go and I got my blood up. So I told him, 「If you can』t accept our position, you shouldn』t own Apple stock.」

When you are convinced that your cause is right, have the courage to take a stand. If you see a problem or an injustice, recognize that no one will fix it but you. As you go forward today, use your minds and hands and your hearts to build something bigger than yourselves. Always remember there is no idea bigger than this. As Dr. Martin Luther King said, 「All life is interrelated. We are all bound together into a single garment of destiny.」 If you keep that idea at the forefront of all that you do, if you choose to live your lives at that intersection between technology and the people it serves, if you strive to create the best, give the best, do the best for everyone, not just for some, then today all of humanity has good cause for hope.

Thank you very much and congratulations class of 2017!