讀詩賞譯| 杜牧《清明》及25個英文譯本（目前為止搜集最為全面）

編者按

目前根據《英語世界》（2016-04-04）和《21世紀英文報》（2015-04-05）微信公眾號近期推送的以及在英文巴士網上所搜集到的來看，杜牧的《清明》已有12個英譯本。正值清明節之際，林苑君亦邀請了班戈大學英語文學院許景城博士英譯了杜牧的《清明》，此外在Translating China Forum中亦發現有趙彥春教授的英譯本，在其他媒介還找到了唐一鶴、黃宏發等譯本。故，此次小編所收集到的一共有25個英譯本，是目前為止搜集最為全面的（如果其他好的中外譯本，還望讀者提供，貼於留言處，不甚感激。共同為傳播典籍文化添磚加瓦。）。譯者分別為許景城，楊憲益、戴乃迭，許淵沖、許明，趙彥春，吳鈞陶，孫大雨，蔡廷干，萬昌盛、王僴中，吳偉雄，徐忠傑，龔景浩，曹順發，丁祖馨，任治稷、余正，唐一鶴，黃宏發，黃新渠 ，托尼·巴恩斯通、周平，林建民，邢全臣，都森、陳玉筠，王力偉，趙甄陶，陳君朴，佚名（維基百科）。以饗讀者。各位譯者英譯文化負載詞「清明」上採用的策略不盡相同，大體上歸為音譯（比如徐忠傑，丁祖馨，任治稷、余正，黃宏發，托尼·巴恩斯通、周平，林建民 ，都森、陳玉筠，陳君朴 ，佚名（維基百科）的譯本）、直譯（比如趙彥春，吳鈞陶，孫大雨，龔景浩，唐一鶴，邢全臣，王力偉 ，趙甄陶 ）、意譯（許景城，楊憲益、戴乃迭，許淵沖、許明，萬昌盛、王僴中，吳偉雄，曹順發）。蔡廷干別具一格地將「清明節」譯為All Souls' Day，化用了西方國家「萬聖節」的英文表達「All Saints' Day」。在英譯「雨紛紛」、「斷魂」、「牧童」、「遙指」、「杏花村」時，各位譯者各有千秋。此外，在形式和押韻格式上，25個譯本大體上有韻體（aaba，aabb，aabc）和散文體。具體細節分析，望讀者自賞自析。河北衛視新聞主播紅葉朗誦原漢詩，雙語主播李強朗誦許景城的英譯文，錄音師張暉進行音頻編輯。特此感謝。

為你讀詩

原詩清明杜牧

清明時節雨紛紛，

路上行人慾斷魂。

借問酒家何處有，

牧童遙指杏花村。

Tomb Sweeping Day

By Du Mu

Tr. Peter Jingcheng Xu (許景城 譯)

Tomb Sweeping Day sees drizzles running 『nd flying,

and hearts lost in gloom, mourners on paths crying.

『Any tavern near and far?』 I ask a boy,

who points to Almond Bloom Vill beyond eyeing.

Translated in Bangor University,

April 4th, 2016

In the Raining Season of Spring

By Du Mu

楊憲益、戴乃迭 譯

It drizzles endless during the rainy season in spring,

Travelers along the road look gloomy and miserable.

When I ask a shepherd boy where I can find a tavern,

He points at a distant hamlet nestling amidst apricot blossoms.

選自：古詩苑漢英譯叢《唐詩》，外文出版社，2001。《英語世界》2016-04-04、《21世紀英文報》2015-04-05 及http://www.en84.com/dianji/shi/201504/00000608.html

The Mourning Day

By Du Mu

許淵沖、許明 譯

A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day(1);

The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.

Where can a wineshop be found to drown his sad hours?

A cowherd points to a cot 'mid apricot flowers.

註：(1) The Mourning Day begins by a drizzling rain and ends by the mourner』s sorrow in wine. This quatrain enjoys great popularity in China.

選自：《英語世界》2016-04-04、《21世紀英文報》2015-04-05 及http://www.en84.com/dianji/shi/201504/00000608.html

Pure Brightness Day

By Du Mu

Tr. Zhao Yanchun

趙彥春 譯

The rain rustles on at Pure Brightness Day；

The traveler's tired, his soul in dismay.

Where is a tavern? He asks a shepherd,

Who points to Apricot Bloom faraway.

選自：Translating China Forum, 2015-4-4

The Pure Brightness Day

By Du Mu

吳鈞陶 譯

It drizzles thick and fast on the Pure Brightness Day,

I travel with my heart lost in dismay.

"Is there a public house somewhere, cowboy?"

He points at Apricot Village faraway.

The Clear-and-Bright Feast

By Du Mu

孫大雨 譯

Upon the Clear-and-Bright Feast of spring, the rain drizzleth down in spray.

Pedestrians on countryside ways, in gloom are pinning away.

When asked "Where a tavern fair for rest, is hereabouts to be found",

The shepherd boy the Apricot Bloom Vill, doth point to afar and say.

選自：孫大雨，《古詩文英譯集》，上海外語教育出版社，1997、《英語世界》2016-04-04、《21世紀英文報》2015-04-05 及http://www.en84.com/dianji/shi/201504/00000608.html

All Souls』 Day

By Du Mu

蔡廷干 譯

The rain falls thick and fast on All Souls' Day,

The men and women sadly move along the way.

They ask where wineshops can be found or where to rest,

And there the herdboy's fingers Almond-Town suggest.

選自：蔡廷干 （《唐詩精品百首英譯》，湖北教育出版社，1994）、《英語世界》2016-04-04、《21世紀英文報》2015-04-05 及http://www.en84.com/dianji/shi/201504/00000608.html

The Tomb-visiting Day

By Du Mu

萬昌盛、王僴中 譯

The ceaseless drizzle drips all the dismal day,

So broken-hearted fares the traveler on the way.

When asked where could be found a tavern bower,

A cowboy points to yonder village of the apricot flower.

選自：《古詩一百首》，大象出版社，1999。《英語世界》2016-04-04、《21世紀英文報》2015-04-05 及http://www.en84.com/dianji/shi/201504/00000608.html

By Du Mu

吳偉雄 譯

It drizzles thick and fast on the Mourning Day,

The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.

When asked for a wineshop to drown his sad hours?

A cowboy points to a hamlet amid apricot flowers.

The Qingming Festival

By Du Mu

徐忠傑 譯

During the Qing-ming Festival,

Is daily continual rain.

People, going to the country,

Form an almost unbroken train.

「Is there a wine shop hereabouts?」

We enquire of a peasant lad.

「Apricot Flower Village yonder,

Is a shop where wine can be had.」

選自：http://www.en84.com/dianji/shi/201504/00000608.html

The Day of Clear and Bright1

By Du Mu

龔景浩 譯

』Round clear and bright showers are so frequent;

Wayfarers on the road feel despondent.

「Tell me, Buffalo Boy, is there a tavern somewhere?」

The lad pointed to a hamlet with blossoming apricot trees way down the road.

Note: (1) Day of Clear and Bright: The first day of the fifth solar term according to the Chinese lunar calendar; a day devoted to visiting ancestors』 graves.

The Mourning Day

By Du Mu

曹順發 譯

A fine rain falls on the tomb-sweeping day,

All mourners are heartbroken on their way.

「A wine shop to rid my sorrow, but where?」

A cowherd points Apricot Cot 「O』er there」.

Qingming Festival1

By Du Mu

丁祖馨 譯

Qingming rains never seem to end.

The traveler along this road is overcome by dejection.

「Where can I find a tavern?」

「Apricot Village, way down the road,」

A cow boy replies pointing his finger.

註：1. Qingming festival –a Chinese festival which falls in early April.

Qingming Festival

By Du Mu

任治稷、余正 譯

Qingming season1 nonstop misty rain,

People look miserable along the way.

Tell me if there is a tavern around here,

Shepherd boy fingers Villa Apricot over there.

Note: 1. The day of the Qingming Festival marking the fifth of the 24 Solar Terms, traditionally observed as a festive occasion for family reunion and paying homage to ancestral graves by sweeping and trimming the surroundings of the grave, a.k.a. Grave Sweeping.

選自：http://www.en84.com/dianji/shi/201504/00000608.html

Pure Brightness (Qing Ming) Festival

By Du Mu

唐一鶴 譯

It』s drizzling thickly and profusely

On the Pure Brightness Day.

Away farer is overwhelmed with sorrows

On his way.

「Excuse me, can you tell me

Where to find a wineshop in the village?」

「Over there,」 the shepherd boy pointing to

The distant Apricot Blossoms Village.

選自：唐一鶴（《英譯唐詩三百首》，天津人民出版社,2005）、http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_48670cb201017iei.html

Qingming

Du Mu (803-852)

Translated by Andrew W.F. Wong (Huang Hongfa)

譯者: 黃宏發

It is Qingming, early April, a season of mizzles and gloom,

Away from home, a wayfarer, faring into gloom and doom.

O where can be found a tavern, my good lad, if I may ask?

There! points the herd-boy to a village where apricots bloom.

Notes:
* This English rendition is in hexameter (6 metrical feet) while the original is in 7-character lines. The rhyme scheme is AABA as in the original.
* Title and line 1: 「Qingming」 清明 is a Chinese festival (for family reunion and visiting ancestral graves) which falls on the 5th (occasionally 4th or 6th) of April. I have, therefore, included 「the Fifth of April」 in both the title and line 1. I had considered dropping 「Qingming」 altogether from line 1, e.g. 「』Tis again the Fifth of April」 or 「』Tis again early April」, but have decided otherwise. Revised 5.4.2013: I have now decided for "It is Qingming, early April" and "Qingming, Early April" for the title.
* Lines 1 and 2: The word 「season」 時節 in line 1 refers to a period of time around the festival day, e.g. Christmas season, and does not mean one of the four seasons.
In line 1, I have added the word 「gloom」 obviously for the rhyme, but can also be justified as giving notice to and reinforcing 「gloom and doom」 in line 2 which translates 斷魂 (dispirited). I had used 「I』m soaked/steeped in」 and 「I』m, alas, in」 to translate 欲 (which means 「on the verge of」 or 「about to」, and not 「wish/desire/want」), but have decided for just 「faring into」 without 「I』m」..
* Line 3: I had used 「Oh, where can be found (can I find) a tavern, my despondent (dampened) spirits to lift?」, 「Where, oh, where, I wonder, can a tavern somehow be found?」, and 「Where, oh, where, I wonder, can a tavern be found? I ask.」, but have now decided for 「Oh, where can be found a tavern, my good lad, if I may ask?」 with 「if I may ask」 to translate 借問 and 「good lad」 added to pave the way for the herd-boy in line 4. Revised 5.4.13: I have revised "Oh, where" to read "O where".
* Line 4: I had considered 「Thither」 and 「Yonder」 but have decided for 「There」 which, though not closest to 遙 (far), suffices and which rhymes with 「where」 in line 3 (perhaps also line 4). I had considered 「says」, but have decided to use the literal 「points」 to translate 指. Revised 5.4.2013: I have deleted the second comma and changed the first to an exclamation mark.

黃新渠 譯

As the Qingming Festival comes around,

Thick and fast, the rain is falling down.

On the way to the graveyard to pay homage.

I visit my deceased with a broken heart.

Where may i find a wineshop to kill my sorrow?

A cowboy the way to Apricot Flowers Village shows.

選自：《譯海浪花 黃新渠譯文譯詩選集》，四川民族出版，2004、

On Pure Bright Day

托尼·巴恩斯通、周平合譯

Pure bright Season comes with fine fast drizzle

and travelers on the road feel their souls sliced off.

Please tell me where I can find a wine shop?

A cowherd boy points to distant Apricot Blooming Village.

選自：AnchorBook of Chinese Poetry，Random House http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bcdf1ee0102vjbd.html

Ching Ming Festival

林建民 譯

Continuous drizzle on Ching Ming Death Festival days

Pedestrians on the roads seemed to be losing balance

When I try to inquire the whereabout of an alehouse

The cowherd points at distant Apricot Flower Village

選自：《古詩英譯-整齊美集》，藝聯出版社，1990、

Pure Brightness Festival

邢全臣 譯

Around the Pure Brightness Day it drizzles quite often,

Men on the way to mourning the dead seem heart-broken.

"Where," may I ask, "to find an inn to drown my grievance"?

The herd boy points to Apricot Hamlet in the distance.

選自：《用英語欣賞國粹》，科學出版社，2010、

The Qingming Festival

都森、陳玉筠 譯

In these memorial days, annoying drizzle falls;

Mouners en route feel the pain in their hearts.

Is there any wine shop around here, please?

A cowkid points at a faraway Village Apricots.

選自：《古韻新聲》，華中科技大，2013、

Pure Brightness

王力偉譯

The rain patters in the term of Pure Brightness

Passengers along the roads are all of unhappiness

I ask where a wineshop is

The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village

選自：《漢英古詩100首》，花山文藝，2002、

Clear-Bright Day

趙甄陶 譯

It's raining very hard on Clear-Bright Day;

The traveler's heart is surely wrung on the way.

"Please, where d'you know of a tavern's waysidecot?"

The cowboy points to flowers of the apricot.

選自：《詩詞精選英譯》，湖南師範大學出版社，2001、

陳君朴譯

On the Qingming Day, rain is falling uninterrupted,

And the wayfarer is more than ever broken-hearted;

"Is there any wine shop hereabouts?" A buffalo boy

Points to a distant village where apricots are spotted.

選自：《漢英對照唐詩絕句150首》，上海大學出版，2007、

Qingming Festival

佚名譯

On day of Qingming Festival, a drizzly rain falls.

On the road, the traveller, disconsolate.

Enquiring, where can a restaurant be found?

A cowherd boy points, far away, to Apricot Blossom Village.

選自：

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