孕期B超檢查之NT

孕媽媽有做過NT檢查，也有做過多次掃描的，第一次掃描后被告知出去走動走動、吃點東西等。有時候來回三、四次后才做完這個檢查。而很多孕婦不知道NT檢查到底做的是什麼，又能起到什麼作用，也有人認為NT檢查能篩查出所有的畸形胎兒，那到底NT是？

Pregnant mothers have had NT examination, also have made many scans, the first scan was told to go out, walk around, eat something. Sometimes it takes three or four times to complete the check. And many pregnant women don't know what the NT check is, and what it can do, and some people think NT screening can screen out all the deformed fetuses. Is that NT?

什麼是NT？

NT即頸項透明層，指胎兒頸后皮下組織液內液體積聚的厚度，反映在超聲聲像圖上，即為胎兒頸椎水平矢狀切面上測量頸后皮膚至皮下軟組織之間無回聲層的最大厚度。

What is NT?

The transparent layer NT neck, refers to the thickness of the liquid accumulation of liquid within the subcutaneous tissue of fetal neck, reflected in the ultrasound image, is the maximum thickness between the carotid cervical sagittal section on the level of fetal skin to subcutaneous soft tissue echo free layer.

NT超聲圖 NT sonogram

NT檢查的最佳時間？

NT的變化與孕周密切相關，規定測量其厚度的時間也很嚴格。在孕11-13周+6天時間段內進行。此時頭臀長相當於45-84mm。11～13周+ 98%～100%可測量NT的厚度，而14周則降至11%。掌握檢查時間，避免孕婦沒有計劃或錯過做NT檢查。注意：這裡所說的孕周是根據末次月經計算出來的孕周，而不是早期B超上根據胎兒發育情況計算出來的孕周。

What is the best time to check NT?

The changes in NT are closely related to gestational age, and the time required to measure their thickness is very strict. They were performed within 11-13 weeks of gestation and +6 days. At this point, the rump length is equivalent to 45-84mm. The thickness of NT could be measured by 11~13 weeks + 98% ~ 100%, while 14 weeks decreased to 11%. Check the time and avoid pregnant women who do not plan or miss NT examinations. Note: the gestational age described here is based on the gestational age calculated from the last menstrual period, rather than the gestational age calculated on the basis of fetal development during early B-mode ultrasonography.

NT檢查的必要性？

排除孕早期即出現的大的結構畸形，NT檢查是孕早期的一項超聲篩查項目，也可以稱得上是一次畸形小排查。孕期檢查中，做NT檢測很有必要，這是排除胎兒異常的第一步。

What is the need for NT testing?

Excluding large structural abnormalities in early pregnancy, NT screening is an ultrasound screening program in early pregnancy and can be called a minor investigation. In pregnancy, it is necessary to do NT testing, which is the first step in eliminating fetal abnormalities.

NT檢查的有人認為NT檢查能檢查出所有的畸形胎兒？

不是。

NT檢查是篩查NT檢查是篩查，是早期發現胎兒異常的一種有效的影像學方法。厚度增加，只是發生胎兒異常的可能性增加。NT增厚越明顯，胎兒異常機會就越高，異常程度也越嚴重。NT值正常，亦不能說明沒有問題。值得一提的是，約80%--90%的NT異常胎兒是一過性病變，即如果胎兒沒有任何染色體或心臟等問題，即便NT增厚也不代表任何問題。

NT增厚僅僅提示了需要進行下一步檢查。當孕早期NT異常，應進行進一步檢查，如進行相關染色體檢查等，對染色體核型正常者，還需要密切追蹤觀察，排除有無先天性心臟發育異常及其他結構異常。具體相關檢查需到產前門診就診諮詢。NT檢查好比我們目前的安檢工作，而NT增厚就好比安檢過程中發現的可疑人員，需要進一步排查。所以NT僅僅是間接診斷胎兒異常的一個標記。

NT's check that NT can detect all malformed fetuses？

No

NT screening is screening, and NT screening is an effective imaging technique for early detection of fetal abnormalities. Increased thickness only increases the likelihood of fetal abnormalities. The more obvious the thickening of NT, the higher the chance of abnormal fetal abnormalities, the more severe the abnormality. The normal NT value does not mean that there is no problem. It is worth mentioning that, about 80%--90% NT abnormal fetus is a transient lesion, that is, if the fetus does not have any chromosome or heart problems, even if the NT thickening does not mean any problems.

The NT thickening simply indicates the need for further examination. When early pregnancy, abnormal NT, should be further examined, such as related to chromosome examination, normal karyotype, also need to closely track observation, there is no exclusion of congenital heart abnormalities and other structural abnormalities. The specific related examination must go to the antenatal clinic consultation. The NT check is like our current security check, and the NT thickening is just like the suspect found during the security check and needs further investigation. Therefore, NT is only a marker for indirect diagnosis of fetal abnormalities.

一張圖簡單讀懂NT檢查的意義

做NT檢查時孕媽媽需要注意什麼？孕媽媽們在做NT檢查之前唯一要注意的就是保持良好的心情，多和寶寶說話，雖然這時候寶寶還很小，但是寶寶依然可以感受到媽媽的愛。在接受NT檢查時不需要特別的準備工作，常規飲食，無需憋尿，這點挺幸福的。因為這個時期已經有充盈的羊水，儀器可以藉助羊水透聲窗進行觀察。如果檢查當日有抽血化驗等需空腹的項目，不妨先做完需空腹檢查的項目，然後吃點東西，再進行NT檢查，畢竟餓著肚子，自己的狀態也不佳呀。

The NT examination of pregnant mothers need to pay attention to what? Before pregnant mothers in the NT examination only to pay attention to is to maintain a good mood, and baby talk, although this time the baby is still very small, but the baby can still feel the love of the mother. Do not need special preparations in an NT examination of routine diet, no need to hold back, this is happy. Because this period has been filled with amniotic fluid, the instrument can be carried out through the amniotic fluid through the sound window to observe. If the examination of the day there are blood tests, fasting items, you may wish to finish the fasting examination items, and then eat something, and then NT examination, after all, hungry, and their state is not good.